ABSTRACT
Background: Ultrasound guided fluid assessment in management of septic shock has come up as an adjunct to the current gold standard Central Venous Pressure monitoring. This study was designed to observe the respiro-phasic variation of IVC diameter (RV-IVCD) in invasively mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing paediatric patients of fluid refractory septic shock.Methods: This was a prospective observational study done at Paediatric intensive Care Unit (PICU) in Paediatric ward of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital (JNMCH) from February 2016 to June 2017. 107 consecutive patients between 1 year to 16 years age who were in shock despite 40ml/kg of fluid administration were included. Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) diameters were measured at end-expiration and end inspiration and the IVC collapsibility index was calculated. Simultaneously Central Venous Pressure (CVP) was recorded. Both values were obtained in ventilated and non-ventilated patients. Data was analysed to determine to look for the profile of RV-IVCD and CVP in ventilated and non-ventilated cases.Results: Out of 107 patients, 91 were on invasive mechanical ventilation and 16 patients were spontaneously breathing. There was a strong negative correlation between central venous pressure (CVP) and inferior vena cava collapsibility (RV-IVCD) in both spontaneously breathing (-0.810) and mechanically ventilated patients (-0.700). Negative correlation was significant in both study groups in CVP <8 mmHg and only in spontaneously breathing patients in CVP 8-12 mmHg range. IVC collapsibility showed a decreasing trend with rising CVP in both spontaneously breathing and mechanically ventilated patients.Conclusion: Ultrasonography guided IVCCI appears to be a valuable index in assessing fluid status in both spontaneously breathing and mechanically ventilated septic shock patients. However, more data is required from the paediatric population so as to define it as standard of practice.
ABSTRACT
Adequate fluid management is an important therapeutic goal of dialysis. Recently, bioelectrical impedance methods have been used to determine body fluid status, but pediatric reports are rare. To determine the accuracy of bioelectrical impedance methods in the assessment of body fluid statusof children undergoing hemodialysis (HD), 12 children on HD were studied. A multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis device (Inbody S10) and bioimpedance spectroscopy device (BCM) were used to evaluate fluid status. Fluid removal during a HD session (assessed as body-weight change, ΔBWt) was compared with the difference in total body water determined by each device (measured fluid difference, ΔMF), which showed strong correlation using either method (Pearson's coefficient, r = 0.772 with Inbody S10 vs. 0.799 with BCM). Bioimpedance measurement indicated fluid overload (FO; ΔHS greater than 7%) in 34.8% with Inbody S10 and 56.5% with BCM, and only about 60% of children with FO by bioimpedance methods showed clinical symptoms such as hypertension and edema. In some patients with larger weight gain Inbody S10-assessed overhydration (OH) was much smaller than BCM-assessed OH, suggesting that BCM is more relevant in estimating fluid accumulation amount than Inbody S10. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the use of body composition monitors to assess fluid status in Korean children receiving HD.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Body Composition , Body Fluids , Body Water , Dialysis , Edema , Electric Impedance , Hypertension , Methods , Renal Dialysis , Spectrum Analysis , Weight GainABSTRACT
One of the goals of hemodialysis is to maintain normal hydration status in ESRD patients.Pre hemodialysis systolic blood pressure is usually used as a clinical parameter of hydration status and to set ultrafiltration rate before Hd. It is unclear how much pre-Hd SBP correlated with hydration status. The aimwas to determine correlation between pre-Hd SBP and hydration status before Hd. An observational correlation study was performed in two dialysis centers in Santiago, Chile, from January-June, 2011. Adult patients inHd for at least three months, who gave their informed consent were included. Patients with pacemaker,amputee, hospitalized and metallic prostheses were excluded. Total-body water and over hydrated were assessed with bioimpedance spectroscopy before the first and third dialysis session of the week. Pre-Hd SBP,pre-Hd body weight, pre-Hd TBW and pre-Hd OH, were analyzed using Pearson correlation and linear regressionmodel. 96 measurements were assessed, 52 % were male with median age 59.5 years. The correlationbetween pre-Hd SBP and pre-Hd overhydration was r=0.33, and total body water r=0.15, with a predictedvalue, R2=0.10 and R2 =0.14 respectively. Pre-Hd SBP had low correlation with pre-Hd hydration status and by itself, is not a reliable parameter to set ultrafiltration rate before Hd. Nevertheless Pre-Hd body weight predicted in 70 % the pre-Hd TBW.
Uno de los objetivos de la hemodiálisis es mantener la hidratación normal en pacientes ESRD. La presión arterial sistólica pre hemodiálisis, es usualmente utilizada como parámetro clínico del estado de hidratación y para fijar la velocidad de ultrafiltración antes de la hemodialisis. No está claro cuanto se correlacionan la presión arterial sistólica prehemodialysis con el estado de hidratación. El objetivo fue determinar la correlación entre la PAS prehemodiálisis y el estado de hidratación antes de Hd. Se realizó un estudio de correlación observacional en dos centros de diálisis de Santiago de Chile, de Enero a Junio de 2011. Se incluyeron pacientes adultos en HD durante al me-nos tres meses que dieran su consentimiento informado. Se excluyeron los pacientes con marcapasos, amputados, hospitalizados y pró-tesis metálicas. El agua corporal total y el exceso de hidratación se evaluaron con espectroscopia 1030 de bioimpedancia antes de la primera y tercera sesión de diálisis de la semana. Pre-Hd PAS, pre-Hd peso corporal, pre-Hd ACT y pre-Hd OH, se analizaron utilizando el modelo de correlación y regresión lineal de Pearson. Se evaluaron 96 mediciones, 52% eran hombres con edad media 59, 5 años. La correlación entre la PAS pre-Hd y la sobrehidratación pre-Hd fue r=0, 33 y agua corporal total r=0, 15, con un valor predicho, R2= 0, 10 y R2 = 0, 14 respectivamente. Existe baja correlación entre la PAS Pre-Hd con el esta-do de hidratación pre-Hd y por lo mismo, no es un parámetro confiable para establecer la tasa de ultrafiltración antes de Hd. Sin embargo, el peso corporal Pre-Hd predijo en un 70% el agua corporal total pre-Hd.